A modified hoek brown criterion for jointed rock masses. By definition, gsi values close to 10 correspond to very poor quality rock mass, while gsi values close to 100 correspond to excellent quality rock masses for which the rock mass strength is equal to the intact rock strength. Although rock mechanics addresses many of the rock mechanics issues which arise in underground mining engineering, it is not a text exclusively for mining applications. The present paper is an update and extension of the paper by marinos et al. Paperback download support of underground excavations in hard rock or read support of underground excavations in hard rock online books in pdf, epub and mobi format. Excavation of the bench to form the full tunnel profile. Feb 01, 2016 this is a typical approach to determine the rock mass properties needed to numerically model underground excavation behaviour. Reviewed in the united states on november 18, 2006. Practical application of the gsi system and the hoek brown failure criterion in a number. Hoek e 1982 geotechnical considerations in tunnel design. Note the fxx is used for the ordinate of a pdf while fxx is used for a cdf.
Rock zone thickness, the regions of overstresses around the underground excavations based on the generalized hoek brown failure criterion 2002, 2006 8, 9 and the relation between disturbance and excavation method was used. Evaluating the excavation methods on the stability of rock. The hoek brown failure criterion is an empirical stresssurface that is used in rock mechanics to predict the failure of rock. Hoek,brown underground excavation in rock free download pdf. Dec 31, 1990 underground excavations in rock deals with the geotechnical aspects of the design of underground openings for mining and civil engineering processes. Estimating hoekbrown rock mass strength parameters from. Different methods have been proposed in the literature to characterize. The minimum strength is associated to the flooded l3 level. The process of excavating a tunnel in rock is complicated because many factors may trigger damage in the tunnel construction site. Brown and a great selection of similar new, used and collectible books available now at great prices.
Figure 2 adapted from hoek and brown 17 shows how the gsi can be estimated from the structure and surface conditions of the rock mass. Because of the presence of layers with different physical properties, the mechanical characterization of heterogeneous rock masses such as flysch is a real challenge. Underground excavations in rock 1st edition evert hoek ted bro. A brief history of the development of the hoek brown failure criterion. Excavaciones subterraneas en roca hoek brown spanish 1 download. Hoek and brown 4 provided useful guidelines for underground excavation design based on stress. Hoek and brown 1980a, 1980b proposed a method for obtaining estimates of the strength of jointed rock masses, based upon an. Later on, it was incorporated in the estimation of a rock mass modulus hoek and diederichs. Elastoplastic solution of tunnel problems using the. Estimating hoekbrown rock mass strength parameters from rock. Slope stability assessment of saptashrungi gad temple, vani, nashik, maharashtra, indiaa numerical approach. Rocscience is proud to host a library on rock engineering from the worldrenowned expert, dr. The safe and economical construction of tunnels, mines, and other subterranean works depends on the correct choice of support systems to ensure that the excavations are stable. The institution of mining and metallurgy, london, england.
The stresses developed in the ground surrounding an underground opening are mainly a result of the original, in situ virgin stresses, the impact from the excavation works, and the dimensions and. The prediction of damage caused by the construction induced ground behavior represents a major factor in the design of underground space. Support in underground hard rock minesevert hoek drilling and blasting for. These support systems should be matched to the characterstics of the rock mass and the excavation techniques adopted. Hoek is probably currently the master of rock mechanics having not only invented many applied theories including hoek brown criteria but also being a well known international consultant. Underground excavations in rock deals with the geotechnical aspects of the design of underground openings for mining and civil engineering. Click download or read online button to get access support of underground excavations in hard rock ebook. Support of underground excavations in hard rock by hoek, e. The sizes of the blocks surrounding an underground excavation may also determine whether the rock masses will behave as a continuous bulk material, or as a discontinuous material influenced by the properties and. Underground excavations and tunnelling springerlink. Download pdf hoek,brown underground excavation in rock. Underground excavations in rock 9780900488542 by e.
Pdf hoekbrown failure criterion 2002 edition stephanus. Analysis of tunnel excavation in different geological. The hoek brown failure criterion is a semiempirical method widely used in the estimation of shear strength of rock. The criterion was derived from the results of research into the brittle failure of intact rock by hoek 3 and on model studies of jointed rock mass behaviour by. Measurements of and correlations between block size and. D london university professer of rock mechanics, imper ial college of science and technology, sou th kensington, london sw7 2bp, eng land the institution of mining and metallurgy, london. Pdf support of underground excavations in hard rock semantic. Recent studies regarding the impact of tbm excavation on the surrounding rock have. Note that the switch at gsi 25 for the coefficients s and a hoek and brown, 14 has been eliminated in equations 4 and 5 which give smooth continuous transitions for the. Download pdf hoek, brown underground excavation in rock reljx5mg5wn1. Hoek,brown underground excavation in rock free ebook download as pdf file. It consists of five categories of topics on the science and practice of rock engineering. As visible in figure 2 the hoek and brown yield surface shrinks as weathering proceeds in the different levels of the abandoned mine. Underground structures, rock structures and rock mechanics from.
The hoek brown failure criterion for rock masses is widely accepted and has been applied in a large number of projects around the world. Use of demonstration models in underground excavation design. Therefore in this book you can find both the theoretical aspects and the practical applications. Predicting excavation damage zone depths in brittle rocks. Institution of mining and metallurgy 527 pages hoek, e. Strain weakening for underground excavation modelling in rocks. Practical estimates of tensile strength and hoekbrown.
Analysis of tunnel excavation in different geological conditions based on hoek brown failure criterion 1 abstract tunnels are used in different industries such as mining and transportation throughout the world. Hoek brown failure criterion 2002 edition evert hoek consulting engineer, vancouver, canada carlos carranzatorres itasca consulting group inc. Underground excavations in rock 1st edition evert hoek. Brief historical development of hoek brown criterion.
Pdf excavaciones subterraneas en roca hoek brown spanish. This index was subsequently extended for weak rock masses in a series of papers by hoek, marinos and benissi 16, hoek and marinos 17,18 and marinos and hoek 19. Evaluating the excavation methods on the stability of rock slopes. Support of underground excavations in hard rock 1st. Brown in 1980 for the design of underground excavations. In 1988, the criterion was extended for applicability to slope stability and surface excavation problems.
Excavaciones subterraneas en roca hoek brown spanish 1 j. Brief history of the hoek brown criterion page 2 of 9. Hoek and others published support of underground excavation in hard rock find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Pdf hoekbrown failure criterion 2002 edition carlos. Evert hoek was born in zimbabwe, graduated in mechanical engineering from the university of cape town and became involved in rock mechanics in 1958 when he started working in research on problems of brittle fracture associated with very deep mines in south africa.
The geological strength index gsi hoek and brown recognized that a rock mass failure. Hoek,brown underground excavation in rock mining tunnel. Hoek, brown underground excavation in rock free ebook download as pdf file. Since its introduction into itasca and rocscience codes the hoekbrown failure. Support of underground excavations in hard rock is the most complete and. It contains a number of worked examples to assist the reader in applying the techniques described to his or her own problems. Hoek brown criterion for underground mining page 1 rock mass properties for underground mines evert hoek 1. Hoek,brown underground excavation in rock pdf document. A method to findcalculateassess the rock mass strength was published by hoek and brown in 1980. Estimating extent and properties of blastdamaged zone around. Back analysis of a large landslide in a flysch rock mass.
Assessment of rock mass strength for underground excavations. Three methods available for rock engineers to assess ground loads are empirical, finite and discrete numerical modelling, and stress strain relationships. Factor d at first was used for estimating parameters of hoek brown s failure criterion m b, s and a. Soil mechanics is the study of the strength of soils while rock mechanics is the study of the weaknesses of rock. Flysch is a sedimentary rock consisting of a rhythmic alternation of hard limestone, sandstone, siltstone and weak marl, mudstone, claystone layers. Development rock behavior index around underground space. Also, since the authors were most familiar with the design of underground excavations, it was chosen to formulate the criterion in terms of principal stresses. Underground excavations in rock deals with the geotechnical aspects of the design of underground openings for mining and civil engineering processes.
Sedimentary rocks such as bedded sandstones, shales, siltstones. Rock load estimates must be derived from expected geotechnical rock conditions and related historical cavern excavation rock load data. Damage and stress relief in the rock masses arise by excavation of slopes and disturbance factor d which introduced by hoek et al. Introductionhoek and brown 1,2 introduced their failure criterion in an attempt to provide input data for the analyses required for the design of underground excavations in hard rock. This book deals with the geotechnical aspects of the design of underground openings for mining and civil engineering purposes. A description of rock damage by blasting was incorporated in hoek brown s failure criterion by introducing the blast damage factor d, hoek et al 2002. Stress, instability and design of underground excavations. The hoekbrown failure criterion is an empirical stress surface that is used in rock mechanics to predict the failure of rock. Optimization of underground excavation in rock masses using. The hoek brown failure criterion hoek and brown, 1997 is most commonly employed as a strain weakening approach where the postyield strength is. The design of underground openings in rock has been discussed in several papers and text books such as by hoek and brown 1980 and bieniawski 1984, 1989. Sep 01, 1999 figure 2 adapted from hoek and brown 17 shows how the gsi can be estimated from the structure and surface conditions of the rock mass. Apply the hoek brown criterion to estimate the strength of the aznalcollar. Underground excavations and tunnelling involve the removal of soil or rock.
Underground excavations in rock evert hoek, edwin t. Pdf support of underground excavations in hard rock. Among other parameters involved in this criterion, the coefficient a dictates whether the criterion applies to intact rock or rock masses a 0. Sc eng principal, golder associates, excavations 224 west 8th avenue, vancouver vsy in5, canada e. Jul 24, 2014 examples of benefits of underground urban public transportation systems, report of the working group on costsbenefits of underground urban public transportation, tunnelling and underground space technology, vol. In a traditional excavation design, a simple shape with an arched roof is usually adopted. Institution of mining and metallurgy, 1980 excavation 527 pages. However, in nearsurface excavations, where the rock stresses are lower, the fractures more frequent, and the rock mass more disturbed and weathered, there is more concern about the validity of the chile model 5 of 37 erik eberhardt ubc geological engineering isrm edition. An elastic behavior of the rock mass was assumed to allow the simulation. The system reports recommended rock bolt pattern support pressure, excavation surface support, and excavation strategy. The original version of the hoek brown criterion was developed by evert hoek and e. Review the history of the hoek brown failure criterion, along with the suggested guidelines for parameter estimation, and discuss the ambiguities and uncertainties associated with the different versions of the hoek brown criterion. Rock mechanics for underground mining springerlink. Optimization of underground excavation in rock masses.
1219 229 576 1108 429 262 940 61 998 1574 959 1283 1149 321 1252 1466 597 703 1539 447 1415 1306 107 1542 982 186 73 1530 1569 59 536 472 1091 523 494 1507 1567 9 340